The devastating impacts of climate change are no longer future predictions but realities disrupting lives, ecosystems, and economies. Africa, despite contributing the least to global emissions, faces some of the harshest effects of climate shocks, making urgent climate action critical.
To respond to this challenge, the Africa Group of Negotiators Experts Support (AGNES) has introduced the continent’s first-ever Model Climate Change Law Framework. The framework is meant to guide countries in creating or strengthening their national climate legislation.
What Does the Model Law Include?
AGNES climate law expert Leon Mulama explained that the framework highlights seven key elements drawn from successful international and regional practices. “For countries that already have climate laws, the framework provides a reference point to revise and update them. In Kenya, for example, draft regulations on the carbon registry have been published to strengthen implementation,” he said.
The model also sets provisions for a carbon registry, enabling African countries to track carbon markets and compliance more effectively.
Why Is This Law Significant for Africa?
AGNES team leader Dr. George Wamukoya stressed the importance of parliaments in shaping strong climate responses. “Legislation captures political momentum and builds strong systems for delivering national and international climate commitments,” he stated.
The framework has also received international support. Dr. Rose Mwebaza, United Nations Environment Programme’s Regional Director for Africa, called it a milestone. “As we mark 10 years of the Paris Agreement, this model law will be crucial in guiding African countries toward developing climate laws aligned with global climate goals,” she noted.
Which Countries Already Have Climate Laws?
Currently, only eight African countries, Kenya, Benin, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda, Gabon, Zambia, and Mauritius, have stand-alone climate change legislation. With fewer than 15 nations across the continent having passed similar laws, the model highlights the urgency of expanding parliamentary engagement.
Mulama emphasized that the Africa Network of Parliamentarians on Climate Change will play a key role by training lawmakers and strengthening legislative capacity. “The model law is not just a legal tool but a catalyst to help African parliaments deliver on their constitutional mandates of representation, legislation, oversight, and budget appropriation in the face of climate change,” he said.
By Risper Akinyi